Philadelphia was the major USA immigration entry point in the early 1700’s for German speaking Europeans. Their surnames were often misspelled and changed to fit the English overseer’s. Most were farmers who spoke only German, a trend which continued for a few generations.
Lorentz became Lawrence, Schmidt’s to Smith, Graf’s to Groft and so on… These Germans intermarried as well as mixing with the few English, Scotts and Irish settlers all moving from Philadelphia through Burks, Lancaster, York and Adams Counties. Many of the British paid German Hessian Revolutionary mercenaries stayed in the area, versus going home to Germany.
Even into the 1900’s Adams & York County Pennsylvania residents spoke a form of German while English was slow in becoming the main language. During the Second World War many German POW’s were sent to this area. It wasn’t uncommon that these Germans stayed, married and raised families in the area.